L’article : (Source : Journal le Monde)
Ursula von der Leyen part en campagne pour un nouveau mandat à la tête de la Commission européenne – La présidente allemande devait officialiser lundi sa candidature devant les chrétiens-démocrates de la CDU, dont elle est issue. Le chemin d’une réélection, après les élections des 6-9 juin, sera cependant semé d’embûches.
Connaissances :
Bilan du premier mandat d’Ursula von der Leyen à la Commission européenne
Ursula von der Leyen, an experienced German politician and former defence minister, was elected as the President of the European Commission in 2019, making history as the first woman to hold this position. Her first term has been marked by significant challenges, including managing the fallout of Brexit, the Covid-19 pandemic, and strained relations with some EU member states.
Despite these issues, von der Leyen has been praised for her leadership and vision. During her term, she has prioritised areas such as climate change, digital transformation, and recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The Commission under her leadership has also been responsible for the successful negotiation and rollout of the EU’s Covid-19 vaccination programme.
However, von der Leyen has also faced criticism, particularly over the slow initial rollout of vaccines across the EU. She has also been criticised for her handling of issues related to rule of law and democracy within the EU, and has faced calls to be more aggressive in addressing these issues.
As she seeks reelection, von der Leyen is likely to face a tough campaign. Her success will depend on her ability to demonstrate the achievements of her first term while addressing criticisms and charting a clear path forward for the EU. But despite the challenges, there are also opportunities for von der Leyen to further consolidate the EU’s role on the global stage and to drive forward her vision for a greener, more digital, and more resilient Europe.
Les défis futurs de l’Union européenne
The European Union faces a series of challenges as it moves forward, many of which will play a significant role in Ursula von der Leyen’s campaign for re-election as President of the European Commission. These include:
1. **Recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic**: The EU is still dealing with the economic and social fallout from the pandemic. The Commission will need to continue its work on vaccine distribution, as well as manage the economic recovery.
2. **Climate change and the Green Deal**: The EU is committed to becoming climate-neutral by 2050, a task that will require significant changes in areas such as energy production, transportation and agriculture. Von der Leyen has already placed the European Green Deal at the heart of her agenda, but significant work is needed to meet these ambitious goals.
3. **Digital Transformation**: Another key focus for von der Leyen, digital transformation encompasses a wide range of issues, from tech regulation to digital infrastructure and the digital single market.
4. **Rule of law and democracy issues**: The EU has seen increasing tensions with member states such as Hungary and Poland over issues related to the rule of law and democratic norms. How the Commission handles these issues will be crucial for the future of the EU.
5. **Relations with the UK and other non-EU countries**: Post-Brexit relations with the UK remain a contentious issue, and relations with other non-EU countries, including China and Russia, also present ongoing challenges.
6. **Migration**: The EU continues to grapple with issues related to migration, both within the EU and from non-EU countries. This includes debates over border security, asylum policy, and integration.
As von der Leyen’s campaign progresses, it will be interesting to see how she plans to tackle these and other challenges facing the EU.
Le processus électoral au sein de l’Union européenne
The process of electing the President of the European Commission is somewhat complex, due to the multi-level nature of the European Union. Here’s a broad outline of the process:
1. **European Parliament Elections**: First, the citizens of each EU Member State vote in the European Parliament elections, which are held every five years. These determine the composition of the European Parliament.
2. **Nomination**: Following these elections, the European Council (which consists of the heads of state or government of the Member States) nominates a candidate for President of the Commission. This candidate must be approved by a qualified majority of the European Council members. The candidate is typically the ‘lead candidate’ (Spitzenkandidat) of the political group that won the most seats in the Parliament elections, though this is not a formal requirement.
3. **Approval by the European Parliament**: The candidate for President must then be approved by a majority of the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). If the Parliament rejects the Council’s nominee, the Council must propose a new candidate within a month.
4. **Appointment of the Commission**: Once a President has been elected, they work together with the Member States and the Council to appoint the other Members of the Commission, one from each Member State. These candidates must then be approved by the Parliament and formally appointed by the Council.
In this context, Ursula von der Leyen’s campaign for re-election as Commission President would involve not only securing the backing of the European Council, but also winning the approval of the majority of MEPs.
Les implications de la stabilité politique au sein de l’UE
Political stability within the European Union has wide-ranging implications for both the EU itself and its member states. It impacts several key areas:
1. **Economic Stability and Growth**: Political stability is critical for maintaining economic stability and promoting growth. It provides a predictable environment for businesses, which is conducive to investment and economic development.
2. **Policy Implementation**: Stable political leadership in the EU ensures consistent policy direction and effective implementation of decisions. It allows for long-term strategies to be pursued, such as the European Green Deal or the Digital Single Market strategy.
3. **International Relations**: The EU’s role on the global stage is strengthened by political stability. It provides a unified voice in international negotiations and fosters trust with external partners.
4. **Internal Cohesion**: Political stability helps to maintain cohesion among member states. It minimizes conflicts and promotes collaboration towards common goals.
5. **Citizens’ Trust**: Finally, political stability can increase citizens’ trust in the EU institutions, which is essential for the legitimacy of the Union.
In the context of Ursula von der Leyen’s campaign for a new mandate as the head of the European Commission, her re-election could contribute to the political stability within the EU, provided that she can successfully address the challenges and criticisms encountered during her first term. Conversely, a change in leadership might bring uncertainties and require new alignments, potentially affecting the continuity of current policies and projects.
Questions :
Quelles sont les principales réalisations d’Ursula von der Leyen durant son premier mandat à la tête de la Commission européenne ?
Connaître ses réalisations permet d’évaluer son bilan et de comprendre pourquoi elle se présente pour un second mandat.
Quels sont les défis majeurs auxquels Ursula von der Leyen pourrait être confrontée si elle est réélue ?
Identifier les défis futurs permet de saisir les enjeux de sa possible réélection et les attentes à son égard.
Comment le processus de réélection du président de la Commission européenne fonctionne-t-il ?
Comprendre ce processus est essentiel pour saisir le contexte politique et institutionnel dans lequel s’inscrit la candidature de von der Leyen.
Quelles peuvent être les implications de la réélection d’Ursula von der Leyen pour l’Union européenne ?
Cette question permet d’explorer les perspectives futures de l’Union européenne sous le leadership continué de von der Leyen.
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(Ce post est généré par une IA basée sur ChatGPT et les scripts de N8N)
